Apache · Struts
CVE-2020-17530
Apache Struts Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Exploited in attacks
Critical 9.8 Attack chance: 96%
What it is
Forced OGNL evaluation, when evaluated on raw user input in tag attributes, may lead to remote code execution. Affected software : Apache Struts 2.0.0 - Struts 2.5.25.
CISA: Forced Object-Graph Navigation Language (OGNL) evaluation in Apache Struts, when evaluated on raw user input in tag attributes, can lead to remote code execution.
What to do
Apply updates per vendor instructions.
Deadline for US federal agencies: May 3, 2022
- Added to the CISA list
- November 3, 2021
- Published
- December 11, 2020
- Severity
- Critical 9.8 CVSS 3.1
- Chance of attacks in the next 30 days (EPSS)
- 96% in the top 0.1% of all known vulnerabilities
- Weakness
- CWE-917
- More details
- NVD · CVE.org · CISA
All references (11)
- https://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/WW/S2-061
- http://jvn.jp/en/jp/JVN43969166/index.html
- https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpujan2021.html
- http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/160721/Apache-Struts-2-Forced-Multi-OGNL-Evaluation.html
- https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20210115-0005/
- https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuApr2021.html
- https://www.oracle.com//security-alerts/cpujul2021.html
- https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuoct2021.html
- https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpujan2022.html
- http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2022/04/12/6
- https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuapr2022.html
More exploited flaws from Apache
| Added | Vulnerability | Product | Severity | Attack chance |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Oct 8, 2026 | Command Injection | Struts | High 8.1 | 97% |
| Mar 25, 2022 | Improper Input Validation | Struts | Critical 9.8 | >99.9% |
| Nov 3, 2021 | Remote Code Execution | Struts | Critical 9.8 | >99.9% |
| Nov 3, 2021 | Deserialization of Untrusted Data | Struts | High 8.1 | 99.4% |
| Nov 3, 2021 | Remote Code Execution | Struts | High 8.1 | >99.9% |
| Aug 4, 2026 | Missing Encryption of Sensitive Data | Tomcat | High 7.5 | 99% |
| Apr 16, 2026 | Improper Input Validation | ActiveMQ | High 8.8 | 98% |
| May 1, 2025 | Improper Escaping of Output | HTTP Server | Critical 9.1 | >99.9% |
Sources: Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (CISA, public domain), CVE records (cve.org) and EPSS (FIRST). The chance of attacks is the EPSS estimate that someone will try to exploit the flaw in the next 30 days.