Apache · Struts
CVE-2013-2251
Apache Struts Improper Input Validation Vulnerability
Exploited in attacks
Critical 9.8 Attack chance: >99.9%
What it is
Apache Struts 2.0.0 through 2.3.15 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary OGNL expressions via a parameter with a crafted (1) action:, (2) redirect:, or (3) redirectAction: prefix.
CISA: Apache Struts allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary Object-Graph Navigation Language (OGNL) expressions.
What to do
Apply updates per vendor instructions.
Deadline for US federal agencies: April 15, 2022
- Added to the CISA list
- March 25, 2022
- Published
- July 18, 2013
- Severity
- Critical 9.8 CVSS 3.1
- Chance of attacks in the next 30 days (EPSS)
- >99.9% in the top 0.1% of all known vulnerabilities
- Weakness
- CWE-20
- More details
- NVD · CVE.org · CISA
All references (16)
- http://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-20131023-struts2
- http://www.fujitsu.com/global/support/software/security/products-f/interstage-bpm-analytics-201301e.html
- http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/topics/security/cpujul2015-2367936.html
- https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/90392
- http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2013/Oct/96
- http://cxsecurity.com/issue/WLB-2014010087
- http://struts.apache.org/release/2.3.x/docs/s2-016.html
- http://archiva.apache.org/security.html
- http://osvdb.org/98445
- http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1032916
- http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/61189
- http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1029184
- http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/64758
- http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/topics/security/cpujan2014-1972949.html
- http://seclists.org/oss-sec/2014/q1/89
- http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/159629/Apache-Struts-2-Remote-Code-Execution.html
More exploited flaws from Apache
| Added | Vulnerability | Product | Severity | Attack chance |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Oct 8, 2026 | Command Injection | Struts | High 8.1 | 97% |
| Nov 3, 2021 | Remote Code Execution | Struts | Critical 9.8 | >99.9% |
| Nov 3, 2021 | Deserialization of Untrusted Data | Struts | High 8.1 | 99.4% |
| Nov 3, 2021 | Remote Code Execution | Struts | High 8.1 | >99.9% |
| Nov 3, 2021 | Remote Code Execution | Struts | Critical 9.8 | 96% |
| Aug 4, 2026 | Missing Encryption of Sensitive Data | Tomcat | High 7.5 | 99% |
| Apr 16, 2026 | Improper Input Validation | ActiveMQ | High 8.8 | 98% |
| May 1, 2025 | Improper Escaping of Output | HTTP Server | Critical 9.1 | >99.9% |
Sources: Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (CISA, public domain), CVE records (cve.org) and EPSS (FIRST). The chance of attacks is the EPSS estimate that someone will try to exploit the flaw in the next 30 days.